How to build a building like a pro (2023)

This is a complete guide toconstruction processFrom start to finish.

If you would like to:

• Discover the construction process step-by-step

• Improve your design knowledge

Then you'll love this guide.

You don't have to be a civil engineer to understand this guide.

I will make this guide as simple as possible. So that everyone, even laymen, can understand.

So let's start learning...

The construction process from start to finish

This guide contains seventeen simple steps.

In these steps you will learn about the entire process of building construction.

At each stage you will find different tasks.

In civil construction, a task overlaps with other tasks. So, read all the steps carefully to fully understand the process.

At each step, I tell you which task overlaps which.

So let's start with the…

Step 1 - Pre-made Material

This step is not directly related to the actual building construction process.

However, in order to start construction of the actual building, this step must first be completed.

The following things are involved in pre-construction.

• Budget
• Furniture
• Purchase of land
• land survey
• Prepare plan and height
• Obtain government agency approval
• Preparation of all drawings

[TO USE:If you're a construction professional and you're in the construction industry, you don't need to worry about this step. This step is assumed by the owner or by the company that will build the building.]

Let's talk a little about these things...

Budget:

Of course, you must first think about the budget for the construction of a building. This means how much money you need to complete the building.

Here are some of the things you need budgets for:

• buy land

• Building design and planning.

• Obtain planning permission from government agency

• project management costs

• Construction Materials

• Labor costs.

Furniture:

After creating the budgets, think about the funding source.

You don't need all the money at once. You need them everywhere.

But it's better to have funding sources ready. So whenever you need cash, you can get it.

Lack of sufficient funding sources can make it difficult for your project to progress.

Land acquisition:

If you already have land, that's fine.

If you don't have one, here are some tips for choosing one:

• Check the shape and orientation of the terrain.

• Check the soil type

• existing roads

• Accessibility to the property

• Essential service facilities

• Limitation of building permits.

• What is being built nearby

• privacy

• state of the existing structure.

Land topography:

This is the first topographical survey carried out to mark out the property and roads and to know the state of the land. With which the building is planned.

It may be necessary to hire a surveyor for the survey.

But this is usually done by the architect's office.

Elaboration of floor plan and height:

For this, you need to hire an architect or contact an architectural firm.

Planning and designing a building is about big things. Some of them are:

• Builder requirements.

• The requirements of the authorities.

• Problems related to the structure, etc.

With all this in mind, the architect creates plans and elevations of the building and sends them to a structural engineer.

Obtain regulatory approval:

Obviously, to construct a building, you need a building permit from the government agency in your area.

The process is simple. All you need to do is apply for the license and submit the necessary documents to the authority. Some of the documents are:

• Land Law Paper

• country studies

• Ground Survey Report

• Floor plan, elevation and building section

• structural report

• Architect and/or structural engineer license

After completing some procedures, the government agency will grant you the building permit.

Creation of all drawings:

To successfully complete the construction of a building, you will need the following drawings:

• Building plan, height and section

• structural design

• Plumbing and plumbing drawing

• electrical drawing and

• HAVC design

Once you have all these things, it's time to...

Step 2: Mobilization and Initiation

With this step, the actual building process begins.

And these are the tasks you will perform in this step:

• commissioning of contractors

• Cleaning and leveling the site.

• make fences

• Production site office

• production workshop

• Manufacture of work sheds

• Get a temporary power connection

• Guarantee the water supply.

Let's take a look at these tasks. So you don't have a problem with that.

Commissioning of contractors:

You can hire a general contractor or hire contractors for individual construction jobs.

By hiring a general contractor, you provide labor for multiple tasks or use subcontractors.

If you want to hire individual contractors for separate tasks, you can do that too. In this case, you usually have to hire the following contractors:

• civil contractor

• electrician

• plumber and plumber

• brickmaker

• painter

• wood contractor

• metallurgical

• Aluminum and Thai contractor

Depending on the scope of the project, it may be necessary to use other contractors.

Cleaning and leveling the site:

If there are old buildings on the property, they must first be demolished and removed.

After that, the land needs to be leveled. So you can easily move around the country.

If the land doesn't have ancient structures, then there must be some plants and trees there. They need to be cleaned, and then the site must be leveled.

Fencing manufacturing:

To protect the land area, you need to fence the land before starting construction work.

You can build a permanent dividing wall or a temporary fence. Temporary fencing is the most common form.

You can use the fence to hang safety signs or some advertisements depending on the type of building and its use.

Office production site:

During the life of the project, you will have many meetings with contractors, stakeholders and team members.

You need an office on site for this.

First, you need to build a temporary office on the site. After building the building one level up, you can set up the local office inside the building.

workshop production:

To store tools and building materials, you need a store. You can build a temporary camp or a permanent camp, depending on the space available on the lot.

Craft workshops:

Some of your employees may want to stay on site. You need a working shed for this.

Temporary power connection:

Obviously, a construction site must have a constant power supply. You can request a temporary power connection from your local utility or purchase a generator. Depending on your location, you may need a temporary power connection as well as a generator to ensure a constant power supply for your project.

They also need a constant supply of water:

You need water for almost every construction task. Get a permanent solution for a constant water supply.

You can get a connection with the municipal water board or install a tube well in your project.

When you've completed all the tasks in step two, you're ready to go...

Step 3 - Layout and Earthworks Configuration

In this step, you perform two tasks:

• Preparation of the construction plan and
• Erdaushub

Let's take a look at these two tasks.

Creating the construction plan:

In short, scenography is a task that serves primarily to locate the building on the ground.

And it helps to mark the foundation on the ground.

Here is a step-by-step process forerect a building.

After completing this task, you can start ...

Erdaushub:

To build foundations, you must dig the earth to the designed depth.

The construction depth is specified on the foundation sheet as follows:

But the excavation of the earthwork depends entirely on it.types of foundation.

For example, if your building is designed with isolated foundations, it is not necessary to excavate the entire floor at once.

You just need to dig for each individual foundation.

However, if your building has a carpet foundation, you should excavate the entire floor to project depth as follows:

[Pro Tip:If your building haspile foundationsYou must dig the earth after building the stakes.]

After completing this step, you can proceed to...

Step 4: Construction of the building substructure

The structure built underground is calledthe infrastructure.

And it includes the following tasks:

• foundation works

• Short neck/spine cast

• cast quality beam

• ground floor emptied

Let's take a look at the typical build process for these tasks...

Foundation construction process:

To build the foundation of the building...

First, Get the foundation distribution plan...

...from the plant book.

This will look like this:

Next, Locate the foundation on the ground.

Shoes are shown in relation to the grid lines.

And you placed the gridlines during the building layout in step 3.

Based on these grid lines, place each foot on the floor.

After, Complete work of the CCP.

A PCC under the foundation is often indicated in the foundation section as follows:

CCP meaningplain cement concrete. And it is a mixture of cement, sand and coarse aggregate with a defined proportion.

The proportion is indicated on the drawing.

But sometimes a flat brick sole is made under the CCP.

In this case, you must complete the flat sole before the PCC.

Next, Complete the reinforcement work.

To do this, obtain the detail drawing of foundation reinforcement.

You can get this from the statics book.

And it looks something like this:

Study the drawing and place the armor as indicated.

[TO USE:When placing foundation reinforcements, vertical column reinforcements must also be placed.]

Finally, make formwork and pour concrete

After completing the reinforcement work, produce the concrete formwork for the foundation.

And check the base again according to the drawings. When everything is satisfactory, pour the concrete.

After the concrete is poured, you can build it.short neck/spinesThe next day.

And here is the…

Construction process for short columns

Support below the curvature is called short support. Also called the cervical spine.

To build this:

First, Complete the reinforcement work.

They laid the vertical reinforcement of the columns during the foundation reinforcement work.

Now just put the stirrup to work.

Get the Structural Design Book Column Program for that.

It looks something like this:

On the drawing you will find the size and spacing of the stirrups.

Complete the ironing work according to the drawing.

Now, finish the formwork and pour the concrete

After completing the reinforcement work, finish the concrete formwork and check the column again.

If everything is in order, pour concrete.

[TO USE:Once all columns are merged, you may need to populate them.]

Grid bar construction process:

For the construction of embankment beams...

First, Do reinforcement work.

To do this, obtain the drawing of the lift bar from the structural drawing book.

This will look like this:

Follow the drawing and do the reinforcement work.

Now, Make the formwork and pour the concrete.

After finishing reinforcement work, check again according to the drawing.

When everything is perfect, create the concrete form as per the size bar grade given in the drawing.

After completing the frame, check the size, orientation and position of the leveling bar.

When everything is perfect, pour concrete on the leveling beams.

Once the construction of the high beams has been completed, preparations can now begin for the concreting of the floor slab.

And here is the…

Construction process of the ground floor slab:

The floor slab is the slab that is built directly into the ground.

After the construction of the level beams, the ground floor slab can theoretically be manufactured.

But there are a few things that need to be done before inserting the bottom panel.

These things are:

• Underground plumbing and drainage line.

• Some underground power line.

• Connection to underground water tank etc.

Most of the time, it is not possible to complete these tasks before the entire building is completed.

In this case, it may be necessary to postpone the laying of the first floor slab.

If there are no such things, then you can register.

The process of building a ground slab is simple. So I don't want to talk too much about it here so this guide is easy to follow.

Just follow the drawing and make the plate.

The postponement of the construction of the ground slab does not prevent the progress of the project.

[NOTE: A building may have a basement. In this case, the bottom plate does not rest on the floor. And you should think of it as a typical record.]

Step 5: Construction of the building structure

The superstructure is the part of a building that is raised from the ground.

And it requires the fulfillment of the following tasks:

• To divide

• plate and beam

Let's discuss the procedure for accomplishing these tasks...

Column construction process:

How to build an RCC column...

First, Get the pillar drawing.

You can find them in the static book.

And it looks something like this:

The position of the supports relative to the grid lines is shown in the drawing.

How he marked the grid lines when staking out the buildingstage 3, you will have no problem placing pillars on the ground.

Just mark the positions of the posts on the ground as indicated in the drawing.

After, Reinforce the pillars.

In the structural drawing book, you will find a drawing sheet called "Column Reinforcement Detail".

Looks like it:

Just complete the vertical support and column anchors and you're done.

Finally, make column formwork and pour concrete

After the rebar work is complete, make the concrete forms.

Check the column again according to the drawing. If everything looks good, pour concrete into the column.

When you have all the columns ready, you can start building...

Plate and beam:

Build slab and beam...

First, Create the forms.

To do this, get the support plan from the static book.

This will look like this:

Prepare the beam and slab formwork on this base.

After, Do reinforcement work.

To do this, obtain the detailed drawing of the beam reinforcement.

You can find it in the static book.

Based on this, complete the work on strengthening the rafters.

Once the rafter reinforcement work is completed, the ceiling reinforcement work can begin.

To do this, look up the ceiling reinforcement drawing in the construction drawing book.

Follow the drawing and do the slab reinforcement work.

[Pro Tips:After completing the ceiling reinforcement, electrical pipes must be laid before concreting.]

Finally, Check the slab and pour the concrete.

At this stage, it is necessary to check the contour of the panel according to the construction drawing. If it looks good and everything is okay for pouring, you can pour concrete into the slab and beam.

[TO USE:After you finish pouring the ceiling, you can get ready to make supports for the upper floor the next day.]

Step 6: Making the Drywall

In this step you will:

• ceiling plaster

• masonry

• Top plate, lintel, umbrella and false plate

Once the beam and slab formwork has been removed, you can begin this step.

For this:

First, Draw the wall.

The layout simply lays down a layer of bricks or blocks to mark spaces on a floor.

Get the building plan for it.

It looks something like this:

Using the measurements given in the drawing, mark all the rooms on the floor.

Next, Make the plaster ceiling

Ceiling plaster only puts a half-inch thick layer of cement mortar on the ceiling.

If you're wondering, here's a simple one.ceiling plaster tutorial.

[Pro Tip:Clean the electrical pipes before you start plastering the ceiling.]

[TO USE:Cut the ceiling plaster along with the wall design. So that the masonry wall can be properly fixed to the ceiling. That's why I prefer to assume the design of the wall rather than the plastering of the ceiling.]

After,Start building walls up to 7 feet tall.

But make sure that the time for the ceiling plaster to harden is over.

Since you laid out the layout earlier, you can now create walls all the way to the bottom level of the window.

When you reach this level, look at the architectural plan to place the window openings.

Having located all the window openings according to the drawing, finish the walls7foot height.

[Pro Tip:On some walls, you have to act against RCC tiles. As a kitchen countertop and sink countertop. The top level of these panels is usually 33 inches off the floor. But you must check the construction drawing. If there is a slab on a wall, you must stop creating the wall at this level and create the slab first. After making the slab, you can make the wall.]

Next, Make lintel and wrong plate

Lintels are installed in the upper part of door and window openings.

And in the bathroom, fake tiles are made.

Both the lintel and the dummy boards are made with RCC7foot height.

Because of this, we stopped building walls that were 7 feet high.

Once you've finished crafting the lintel and false sign, you can...

Finally, Make walls in linters and false panels.

But don't remove impact struts and dummy boards until they gain strength.

and at least need14To take.

[Pro Tip:No further work should be performed on masonry walls before the end of the curing time.]

Step 7: Plastering the inner wall

After creating all the walls on one floor, you can start plastering the inner wall.

For this:

First, Get ready to plaster the walls.

Complete these tasks to prepare the walls for plastering:

• door frame adjustment

• Window grille installation

• electric wall tube

• MK-Box-Tuning

More about this is discussed in the respective steps.

Now, plaster walls

Plastering work is being carried out with cement mortar.

And mostly mortar is prepared at the same time1:4cement-sand mixture.

Here is a step by step guide on how to do it.plaster a wall. Read the post to learn more.

Step 8: Exterior wall plaster

To begin this step, make sure you've completed these tasks:

• All exterior brick walls of the building.

• Placement of all window bars.

• falling walls

• Any external RCC design

However, it is not necessary to finish plastering the interior wall of all floors. If you can, better.

Step 9: Electrical Work

In this step, you perform the following tasks:

• electric plate tube

• electric wall tube

• MK-Box-Tuning

• floor electrical pipe

• wiring

• Installation of electrical accessories

Let's talk about these things

Electrical panel piping:

This task is to lay pipes on the slab. The tubes are hidden.

These tubes are placed for passing cables throughSDB for centraljDistributor of electrical accessories.

Complete this task before pouring the concrete slab.

Electric wall pipe:

The electrical connection to the wall is made to connect the ceiling pipes to the panel and SDB.

You must complete this task before plastering the wall. But after the curing period of the masonry walls.

MK-Box-Passform:

They are metal boxes in which distributors and plugs are fixed.

And it is placed against the wall.

Secure these boxes to the wall before plastering.

Floor electrical piping:

Some cable and phone lines work in the apartment.

To do this, you need to lay some PVC pipes under the tiles.

Therefore, perform this task before laying the tiles.

Wiring:

As the name suggests, wiring consists of running cables through electrical tubes.

And that's after a coat of paint on the walls and ceilings.

Placement of electrical accessories:

This is the ultimate electrical work task in a department.

And it consists of lights, switches, sockets, etc.

Run this task when done:

• The last coat of paint.

• show tiles

Step 10: Carpentry

This step usually involves the following three tasks:

• door frame adjustment

• installation of blinds

• polishing work

Door frame configuration:

Wooden door frames are most commonly used in residential buildings.

This task must be completed:

• Before plastering walls.

• End of cure time for drywall

The task is to place the door frames into the rough door openings with the fixed hole.

door shutter trim:

This task must be completed:

• after coating

• Before the tile point

This task is only for repairing blinds with door frames.

Polishing work:

As the name suggests, this task consists of polishing wooden door frames and shutters.

And it must be done:

• After the first coat.

• Before the last coat of paint.

• Before tiling work

Step 11: Railing and Railing Work

In this step, you need to perform these two tasks:

• Placement of the window grille and

• handrail assembly

Let's analyze these two tasks a little...

Window Grille Trim:

The steps are fixed flush with the inside of the wall in the window openings.

And sometimes on the porch.

This is done primarily for security reasons.

You must do this task:

• Before plastering walls

• After the dry construction period

handrail assembly:

The handrail is placed on the stairs and on the porch.

Perform this task in advance:

• cast and

• tile work

Step 12: Plumbing and plumbing work

To ensure a regular water supply and remove sewage from the building, at this stage you need to complete the following tasks:

• horizontal drain pipe

• Water supply pipes in the walls

• Sewer pipes in bathrooms and kitchens

• Water inlet and outlet pipes in the false ceiling

• Vertical installation of the drainage line

• Installation of a vertical water supply

• accessories assembly

Let's go through these tasks one by one...

Horizontal drain pipe:

If there is a drain line running through the baseboard area, this should be done before laying the subfloor.

But sometimes the horizontal drain line in a tall building runs through the roof. In this case, you do not need to postpone laying the bottom slab for the drain pipe. Study the plumbing drawing to verify this.

Water supply pipes in the walls:

This task is carried out in bathrooms and kitchens for water supply from sanitary facilities.

Complete this task:

• In front of the tiles

• End of cure time for drywall

Sewer pipes in bathrooms and kitchens:

This task includes:

• Manufacture of drain pipes for toilets and washbasins.

• Drilling holes for ground siphons and pipes etc.

You must complete this task before the wall and floor tiles work.

Water inlet and outlet pipes above the false ceiling:

You need to connect the kitchen and bathroom water supply line to the vertical water line.

In addition to bathroom and kitchen drains with vertical vats.

This task must be completed before finishing the duct drywall.

Vertical drain line installation:

This task involves installing vertical drainage piles.

In a vertical drain line, you would typically install:

• sewer pipe

• drain pipe

• rainwater pipe etc.

• air duct

sewer pipe: As the name suggests, a drainpipe drains wastewater from sinks, showers, sinks and gutters.

drain pipe:A dirt pile simply removes waste from the toilet and sends it to the septic tank.

rainwater pipe:The function of the stormwater basin is to collect and dispose of rainwater from the roof.

air duct:The purpose of the ventilation pile is to remove stale air from the ground and the waste pile.

These stakes pass through the line.

Vertical installation of the water supply line:

This task includes:

• Connection of the underground water tank to the upper water tank.

• High tank connection to bathrooms and kitchens.

These lines also pass through lines.

Because of this, you must complete this task before completing the canal walls.

Placement of sanitary fittings:

In this task you will complete the installation of all plumbing fixtures. Such as toilet, sink, faucet, shower, bathtub, sink, etc.

When performing this task, you should not leave behind other work in the bathroom or kitchen.

This task must complete all plumbing and plumbing work in the building.

Step 13 - Thai aluminum factories

In this step you will install aluminum windows with glass.

You must ensure that the first coat of wall paint is applied to the window area before starting this step.

An independent contractor is usually hired for this task.

Step-14: Paint

In this step, you perform the following tasks:

• ceiling painting

• wall color inside

• Paint bathrooms and kitchens

• Window grilles and grill painting

• external wall color

ceiling painting:

Since the wall color is usually different from the ceiling color, you should use a different color for the ceiling.

But at the same time, you need to prepare the surfaces of the walls and ceiling.

Because if you paint the ceiling before priming the wall surface, the ceiling paint will pick up dust while you prime the wall surface.

Indoor wall painting:

As the name suggests, this job involves painting all interior wall surfaces.

And this is what you should do:

• After the curing time has elapsed, the walls are completely dry.

• After completing the electrical wiring

Painting bathrooms and kitchens:

There are two areas in bathrooms where paint may need to be applied: thewrong roofjwalls on the wrong slab.

Paint the false ceiling after the tiles

[TO USE:We mainly make faux RCC panels in bathrooms. But sometimes the wrong PVC sheet is used. In this case, it is not necessary to paint the false ceiling.]

And you can always swipe the wrong plate. But be sure...

• All plumbing and plumbing work is done on the wrong slab.

• Wrong panel walls are completely dry.

Window grille and handrail color:

You can start this task while painting the wall. But it is better to do this task before the final coat of paint on the wall.

Exterior wall color:

In this task, you will paint all the exterior surfaces of the building.

You can start this task when the surface is properly dry.

Typically this task is done at the end of project completion.

Here I want to talk a little about it...

The process of painting walls and ceilings...

…Since it implies dependence on multiple tasks.

Here's the process...

First, prepare the surface

To prepare a surface, just rub a stone on the surface to make it smooth.

Complete this task:

• When the surface is completely dry.

• After completing the electrical wiring.

• Before any installation of electrical and plumbing equipment.

Next, apply mass

This is done to fill in cracks and smooth out minor surface imperfections.

You can start this task as soon as the surface is prepared and clean.

After, smooth the surface of the dough

In this task you will useKorn 220Sandpaper to smooth the surface of the putty.

Start this task when the surface of the dough is completely dry. It usually takes 10 to 12 hours.

Make sure you have completed this task for the ceiling and wall before starting to paint.

Next, apply primer

The purpose of the primer is to provide an adhesion surface to receive the paint coat.

Start this task when the painted area is completely free of sanding dust.

Now, apply primer

But make sure you allow3A4hours to dry the primer.

Finally, Apply the second coat of wall paint

Start this task:

• When the first coat of paint dries. It usually takes 10 to 12 hours.

• After completing the adjustment of sockets.

• After painting the window grille.

• After the last coat of paint on the ceiling.

With this task, you have finished painting the building.

[TO USE:Sometimes a third coat is necessary to maintain the fine finish of the varnish.]

Step-15: Tile work

In this step, you perform these tasks:

• tiles on floors

• tiles in houses

• Tile work in the common area

• showwork

Let's review these tasks:

Floor tiles:

In this task, you will create wall mosaics in:

• bathroom

• kitchens and

• Any other location indoors.

To start this task, make sure you have completed the following:

• All plumbing and water supply lines.

• all electrical wiring

• MK Elektrokastenmontagem

• electrical wiring

Walkways on the Floors:

In this task, you will create mosaics on floors.

Before starting this task:

• Close all drain pipes in the floor

• Lay all electrical wiring on the floor

You might want to read: How to calculate the number of tiles?

Tile works in the common area:

This task includes:

• Tiles in elevator lobby work

• The mosaics in the staircase and in the work of the staircase

• Parking and sidewalk tiles work

• tile work

Marking work:

The work of grouting consists of filling the tile joints with cement.

Complete this task:

• Before repairing plumbing fixtures and plumbing fixtures

• After securing all the blinds to the doors

• After completing window setup

Step 16: Perimeter Wall and Landscaping

In this step, you perform two tasks:

• Make the perimeter wall and

• landscaping

Create the boundary wall:

A perimeter wall is used to protect a building from outsiders.

You can start this task at the time of building construction.

Ö,

At the end of the building's construction period.

But I prefer to start this task after the foundation of the building has been laid.

This helps to back up the project correctly.

But sometimes it is not possible to build a dividing wall before construction is completed. In that case, you can still use the temporary fence to protect the project.

As long as you start this task, it doesn't matter, you must complete it before handing over the project.

For this:

First, Get the perimeter wall drawing

You will have some drawing sheets in your project structure drawing book as well as in your architectural drawing book. These drawing sheets are:

• Perimeter wall distribution plan

• perimeter wall section

• wall shoe, column and beam, etc.

Now, build the perimeter wall using the drawing

In general, building a perimeter wall involves:

• build foundation

• Construction of columns and beams

• Make the wall and face

• chalk and paint

The sequence of these tasks corresponds to the sequence of relevant tasks in the building construction process.

So study the drawing and follow the proper procedure I've outlined in this guide.

Landscaping:

There is often some open space between the dividing wall and the building.

These lands are sometimes used for landscaping and/or building a walkway.

Whatever the reason, it doesn't matter, you must also complete these tasks.

Step 17: Final inspection and delivery

In this step, do the following:

• Checking the water connection

• Checking the electrical connection

• Control of doors and windows

Checking the water connection:

In this task, you will go to each floor of the building to check that all the plumbing and plumbing are working correctly.

If abnormal things are found, you need to correct them before delivery.

Checking the electrical connection:

As with the water connection, you check the electrical installations on each floor before handing over the project.

Checking doors and windows:

In this task, you verify the following:

• When wooden door shutters are straight and properly seated

• Door and window locks work perfectly.

• The blinds slide correctly.

With this step, you've literally completed the construction of a building.

Diploma:

So these are the steps of the entire building construction process, from start to finish.

Sometimes you may need to perform other tasks. As:

• fight the fire

• central air conditioning

• The water treatment plant, etc.

But you don't have to worry about that.

If you get the steps I've outlined in this building process guide right, you can easily build a building like a pro.

There's no doubt about it!

Your turn:

As this guide is extensive and has many tasks to learn, it is not possible to finish reading it in one go.

Then bookmark this page. So you can always come back to it.

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